Agriculture sector declined in importance in many countries of the world, intact in India

- The Conundrum of Economics - Dhawal Mehta

- 44 percent of the total working population in the country is employed in agriculture

The agricultural sector of any country includes grain production, fruit and flower production, fishing, animal husbandry, poultry, forestry, silk and jute production etc. The agricultural sector in India contributes 18 percent to its GDP while 44 percent of the total working population in India is employed in the agricultural sector, which means industry and services (baking, insurance, health, education, transportation, police and military services, tourism, financial services). etc) sectors are vastly higher than the productivity of agricultural sector. Almost all the poor countries of the world and especially sub-Saharan African countries are based on agriculture and animal husbandry. Services in the sense of economics is not the way Gandhiji or Vinoba or pious people do it. All services here are based on financial returns. What will happen if 44 percent of the total working population in the country contributes only 18 percent instead of contributing 44 percent to the country's GDP? Hence, the economy of almost all the rich nations of the world (except the rich oil producing countries) has seen the decline in the importance of the agricultural sector and the rise in the importance of industry and commercial services. Consider that India's industrial and real estate and manufacturing sectors employ 25 percent of India's total working population and contribute 26 percent to India's GDP. The engine of India's economy is not the agricultural or industrial sector but its Swiss sector which contributes 54 to 55 percent to India's GDP as per the value added calculation. In short, contribution of agriculture sector is 18 percent, contribution of industry sector is 26 percent and contribution of service sector is 56 percent in total GDP of India. According to the latest figures of 2022, the contribution of the agricultural sector to the total GDP of India was 21.82 percent, the contribution of the industrial sector was 24.92 percent and the contribution of the services sector was 54.9 percent. The contribution of agriculture sector to India's GDP has slightly increased but still India is considered to be an agricultural country as 44 percent of the working population of India work in the agriculture sector of India. According to the last census of 2011, about 67 percent of India's population lives in its villages and only 33 percent of people live in its towns and cities. No one knows when India will become a science-led country from a religion-led country.

In the western world, people are mobilized in the name of individual freedom, democracy, science, while in India, we do not know why it is done on the basis of religion and caste. As India is still an agriculture minister and a religion minister country, it seems to be happening now, but there is no consensus hypothesis or theory about this. One of the reasons why India, despite being a religion, is not as strict and terrorist as some Muslim countries, is that western world ideas and university education started very early in India. One of the reasons may be that after the rebellion of 1857, universities started all over India which produced many liberal leaders.

Agricultural sector in developed countries

In India, 44 percent of the total working population works in the agricultural sector, so what is the situation in the western world and in China, Russia and Japan in this regard? Agriculture accounts for 1.7 percent of the total working population in the U.S., 1.1 percent in the U.K., 1.3 percent in Germany, 2.6 percent in Denmark, 2 percent in Canada, 1.9 percent in Sweden, 4.3 percent in Austria, 4.3 percent in Spain, 4.1 percent, Italy 3.9 percent, Russia 6.7 percent, China 17.5 percent and Japan 3.17 percent.